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Baseball guide
How to Calculate Batting Average, OBP, SLG, and OPS
Use these formulas to verify baseball hitting stats before publishing team totals.
Batting average
Batting average is hits divided by at-bats. If a player has 12 hits in 40 at-bats, the average is .300. Walks and hit by pitch are not at-bats, so they do not directly change batting average.
On-base percentage
OBP measures how often a player reaches base. A common formula is (H + BB + HBP) divided by (AB + BB + HBP + SF). Some youth scorebooks do not track sacrifice flies separately, so make sure the formula matches the data you actually collect.
Slugging percentage
SLG is total bases divided by at-bats. Singles count as one base, doubles as two, triples as three, and home runs as four. A player with 6 singles, 3 doubles, 1 triple, and 2 home runs has 23 total bases.
OPS
OPS is OBP plus SLG. It is popular because it combines reaching base with hitting for power, but it should still be read with context such as age group, field size, and number of games played.
Quick checklist
- Check that hits never exceed at-bats.
- Confirm extra-base hit totals before calculating SLG.
- Avoid judging players from tiny sample sizes.
- Publish the formula style if your league uses special rules.